All posts by Sandy Chen

Frustrating Songwriting Practices

A lot of discussions I happened to have with industry friends recently are about songwriting. Some for semi-finished songs or demos, some for commercial songs. Finally I come to realized that, a few of these common songwriting practices are just frustrating to me.

First of, let me just get this straight, there’s no songwriting technique that is wrong. Music is art. As long as the music and emotion is real and authentic to the creator, it’s ok for people to not understand, but it doesn’t mean there isn’t room for improvement. The idea of songwriting should not be a sacred statue that no one can critique or say anything about, or else how can we move forward? Also, what I don’t like does not apply to everyone either. But since I can’t shut up about music, I might as well just let it out.

One of the big problems in the music business today is how music has moving further and further away from a form of expressing artistic creativity. It’s becoming more of a way to cater market interest, kind of like how social media only feed you with stuff you like with its algorithm. And while intrinsically, that’s ok, the balance between these two objectives sometimes goes really off. Like very seriously, off. I hear people complain all the time that “good music is so hard to find these days.” But why? Are songwriters today less creative or less artistic than songwriters in the 90s, 80s, 70s?

Of course not. But here are some of the common problems:

1. When the emotion isn’t genuine, people know. A lot of the times, songwriters have to deliver and might be on tight deadlines. Of course, I’m not trying to deny that there is a craft side of the songwriting process. But don’t try to fool anyone when you don’t mean it. Unless they are your super fans aka are super blinded, generally speaking, we human beings are good at sensing the fakeness and bs, although sometimes we can’t really articulate that. If there’s something we don’t feel right or don’t really “click,” most of the times, it’s because the emotion isn’t real!

2. The “I don’t care” and “you don’t know me” message floating around in today’s love songs, especially mainstream stuff. I mean, seriously? This is actually one of the biggest frustrations I have with this generation of music. You can be sad, angry, disappointed, agonized, feeling painful and everything, or eventually you might be redeemed and born a new person. It’s all valid. Human emotion is hard and complicated to deal with. That’s essentially why we need music, literature, movies and all other forms of art. But honestly, if you don’t care, why go through the hassle writing about it? If you think this person don’t know you and you don’t give a f, okay, but why you pretend to not care when obviously you do, and in a form that you should feel free to express yourself and emotion? And kids think this is cool? Like, hello??? This is exactly what passive aggressive means, and sending message like this is just sweeping stuff under the carpet which really doesn’t helping anyone. Plus, it’s just not true, which also ties to #1, people can smell it and it’s really a lot less cool than you think it is.

3. Trying way too hard to come up with a “great song.” This one is really funny. You know, in my undergrad songwriting class, we once had this discussion about writing a “great song” or “hit song.” It seems most songwriters go through the phase of wanting to write a great song that everyone just love and adore, and eventually becomes a great hit blah blah. But usually what ends up happening is that we try way too hard and pay way too much attention on the details, wordings, production, whatever minor stuff, yet really overlooking the big picture here. You hear that in a lot of commercial music, when the basic idea is great but sounds like it was not quite developed well, and you hear a lot of great details, but with this really shaky framework.

And it’s rather frustrating, because when we try this hard it usually doesn’t go our way and we ended up feeling defeated and question ourselves and our creativity. At the same time, most of us write our best songs when we are not trying. Sounds funny right? I think one of the key components of writing a great song is to be true to yourself, and when you pay too much attention to minor issues, you press down the actual emotion which matters the most. The first draft matters but shouldn’t be perfect. I once wrote a song when I was very drunk to just let the emotion out. Luckily, I recorded a rough phone demo to capture all of that so that I can work on the details later (or was I that drunk? Hmmm). That song turns out to be one of my favorite and I was taking a very interesting turn from my previous style, which I was very happy with. Not to encouraged people to write songs under influence but, you get the idea, right?

4. Speaking be true to yourself, I think most of the times, songwriters need to realized that, we are the tortured ones. Most people don’t have to deal with this amount of self-reflection and emotional rollercoaster on a daily basis, however, for music, it’s about emotion. It requires massive amount of daily reflecting and digging out relatable pieces from experience in order to create this form of art. If you run away from it, and I see it all the time, when songwriters wanna just put words together to create this aura yet avoid telling the real story, it’s awful. I mean, you can write a poetry or what not, it doesn’t have to be country where things are all plainly laid out. But when the “realness” element is missing, when it doesn’t tie to any type of your own experience, again, people can sense it very easily, and you are fooling no one but yourself. In my very personal opinion, a great song, regardless of genre, is the result of combining years of music training, years of self-reflection from personal experience, years of articulation training to tell a relatable and most importantly, concise story, with a ridiculous amount of honesty. From the outside, it always looks like everyone can write music and put on the internet. And boom, you can be famous! But no, really, if you want to make songwriting your profession, the bar is not as low as you thought it is. Facing yourself, your true self, is always a painful process. Some people are lucky and don’t have to do it their whole life. But as songwriters, we are damned to do that from a very early stage. That’s part of the job. That’s just what it takes, and it’s a lot of pressure on mental health. Seriously, one of the costs for songwriting might be seeing a good mental health therapist to keep you sane on a regular basis.

Most of the times, if you know me personally, the advise I usually give to people who wants to get into music business is “don’t.” Not that I don’t love music or this business, in fact, I do very much. Yet, 99% of the people only see the glorious part of it, and nobody talks about the sh*tty part and the invisible yet ridiculous high bar in order to be in business. Nobody wants to say it, but being in music business is a place that can make your heart ache, if you love music like I do. At last, I think one of my career mentors once beautifully sumed it up, “if you can find another job, don’t do music.”

Where Have I Been?!

So this is the time when I all of a sudden realized that I’ve been gone from my blog for years. The last posts I’ve made before this one are from 3 almost 4 years ago.

Things have been changing for me fast. I definitely need an urgent update on my website regarding resume and everything else. After 3 amazing years working at Tencent Music Entertainment, I have been moving on attending Marshall School of Business at University of Southern California for my MBA degree, and no, I ain’t moving to California just yet. I’m staying in China for now waiting for the world figuring out what’s up so that I don’t have to carry the world’s uncertainty on my own shoulders. One thing I learned from my yet very short career life is to never stress about stuff you simply can’t do anything about, otherwise you drive yourself crazy in the middle of the night, your mental health really goes down the drain, then it’s all sadness and gloominess and it’s not fun. If you are like most people feeling desperate, useless, and sad during this pandemic, just remember we are all like you and you’re not alone, but all we can do is waiting for the world to heal. It’s a slow progress but it’s happening. It might seems that we can never move on anymore but we will. We always move on, slowly but surely. At the end of the day, it’s all very cheesy but it’s true. The true kind of cheesy.

Now the cheesy stuff is out of the way, I figured I should talk something about music. I found it really funny—when you are working in the business, you tend to keep your mouth shut and stop talking about the industry or music altogether for variety of reasons. But I figured that, since now I’m in school again, what is gonna distract me from all the boring business cases and papers (sorry professors) and endless zoom meetings (IKR?!)? Talking about music again. Duh.

Just in time to distract me from my final exams studying sessions, I’ll continue to write about music and the business, blending with a bit of my own insight, music taste, past experience and b-school knowledge (hope I’ve gained some, just to make my parents feel a little better for the astronomical $$$ they’ve spent on my education 🙂

One other thing I also realized is that, we should talk more about music. Really. There are so many business blogs out there, but no one talks about the music, which is a shame. We talk about ranks and numbers and streams and whatever. It’s all shiny stuff and people get all lost and try to figure out how to jump on the next bandwagon and hit a better number. It’s such a simple concept but so easily forgotten: the core of great sales is a great product. I mean, I can come up with a thousand ways to promote a track, but at the end of the day, music is what we are here for. The core of “music business” is really the “music,” isn’t it? Despite how music taste is all subjective, someone needs to be talking about the quality of the product: music—the songwriting, the production, the vocal, the stories and emotions, everything, which I feel like nobody does. So I figure I’ll do a little bit of that as well.

I love to be back, and stay tune for more.

Relatablilty

“Not Afraid Anymore.”

By Halsey. After listening to the song, despite all the goosebumps, I even have the urge to book Halsey’s next show. I’m not exactly a fan of “Fifty Shades” series. But this song, this. I was blown. I found it powerful. I’ve noticed the trend in music these days grows darker and darker, ever since the days of Lorde and the Weeknd a few years back (shout out to SONGS, love that company). The sound is thicker. The emotion is so much more intense. It’s a thunderstorm.

But there is more than just the sound. There’s an intense emotion going on in this song that is so precious, added so much color. To be fair, for a very long time, popular music has lost this element. Specifically, true emotion which people can relate to.

But music without emotion is just noise.

And almost no one resinates to lying on piles of hundred dollar bills and feel like they are the king of the world, or “throwing money and f**king bi**hes.” There was a time when this type of music dominates our charts and radios. But it’s not a relatable experience or feeling. It’s called showing off. Luckily, no one appreciate it anymore.

I’m glad that the relatable stories are coming back, bit by bit, slowly, finally. Though some people say it’s artificial, it’s at last relatable once more. The dark days are finally coming to an end.

 

“I am not afraid anymore

Standing in the eye of the storm”

Sure, this song is an erotic piece. It is meant to accompany the movie, Fifty Shades Darker. And yes, it is talking about sex. But I see it in broader terms: to admit fear, to be true to yourself, to overcome your fear. Admit that you have needs and wants, some may be dark, some may even be crazy.  Admit that you have fear and insecurity.

Sometimes just to admit them is hard. Sometimes you can’t even look at yourself this way. Because we are all taught and brought up in a way that’s telling us to be ashamed of part of ourselves. Institutions, authorities, society expectation all told us that something intrinsic of us is wrong, shameful, impure. We all are the product of this world. But we have to admit it. At one point or another, we all have to get over our psychological obstacle and explore deeply about ourselves. It’s the only way we can embrace our true selves, who we really are, what we are meant to be. It’s the only way that we can finally find our inner peace and happiness. The colorful, complex emotion is what make us humanly. That includes anger, fear, insecurity, disappointment.  Don’t resist it.

The power I hear in this piece is enormous. What kind of patriarchal world do we live in that make this kind of piece so relatable? Since when admitting that you have feelings, wants, needs become so shameful? How come this world implements so many rules that we have to pretend to be someone else just to live? What does it take to make up your mind to be yourself? How much courage do you need to take the lead and speak it out loud to the entire world?

If this is not female empowerment, if this is not empowerment for us all, male and female, I don’t know what is.

 

 

Not Afraid Anymore” by Halsey

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g14Kw8sgxxo

Apple Music in China Part 2

Copyright, Legality, and a little bit more Pricing

For those of you who don’t know, China actually has copyright law, by large similar to the US one.  However, the enforcement of copyright law has been a problem for years. Ever since 1979 China opened its door to welcome western trade and culture, major amount of music, TV shows, movies, entertainment programs, etc, has been made available. The popular mean to consume these copyright protected content is through torrent and “safe-harbor” sites. Good news is that, the Chinese government has been working on this issue for quite a while. According to China’s Legal Daily website, in the past ten years, 1,926 copyright-infringed sites were closed, and 4,241 copyright infringement cases were processed. There is definitely progress,

Because of the enforcement problem, the majority of population has not yet fully adapt to the idea of “paying for intellectual properties,” which is, in fact, also a new idea in western countries. The smart strategy about Apple Music is that, the extremely low price of 10 Yuan (approx. USD $1.52) can create an illusion of paying for only “the service,” instead of “the copyright content.” Now, it’s hard to judge so quickly whether or not the dirt cheap price is ethical, since it seems, at least right now, that this cheap price is the only bet for not just Apple, but also perhaps any streaming service to gain market share in China. Long before this Apple Music conversation, I had the fortune to use a Chinese streaming site, Xiami (虾米), for a while. Owned by Alibaba, Xiami is arguably the largest streaming site in China right now. However, it also faces lots of legal issues since the site charges so less, essentially 10-15 Yuan per month (depending on whether you buy an entire year worth of membership at once or not). It also has a free tier with limitations, just like Spotify does. I have noticed that there is a lot of content, mostly foreign, made unavailable on Xiami, possibly because of copyright issues. What’s relevant and intersting is that Apple’s price in China matches Xiami’s, which makes Apple so competitive since it has a much larger selection and of course less copyright issues because it can afford paying royalties. Worst thing comes worst, it can pay its way out. Voila!

The sense of not paying for intellectual properties is so deeply rooted in China for many generations, so much so that it makes it extremely hard for intellectual content, by itself, to generate revenue there. While the situation my be severe in China, I really believe even in the U.S. or Europe, this phenomenon still exists. The reason behind this current phenomenon has two main factors: lack of education about intellectual content and the traditional perspective of valuing only tangible properties. In day to day life, people still value houses, gold, stocks and bonds… pretty much anything that can turn into cash relatively quickly. Very few sees the value of creativity, art, vision, intelligence, aka “the things that are necessary for human society and growth but no one realizes we need it until it’s gone.” Well, if we don’t appreciate, if we keep refusing to pay, they will be gone, very soon.

 

Legal Daily on Copyright Enforcement (Chinese) http://www.legaldaily.com.cn/index_article/content/2014-10/26/content_5814731.htm?node=5955

Pricing for Xiami (Chinese)                                     http://www.xiami.com/vip

Apple Music in China Part 1

I want to write a series of blogs about Apple Music’s ambitious China launch because it is exceptionally interesting to me. This blog post has some of my initial thoughts, just barely scratching the surface. I’ll come back with more observation and thoughts quite soon. Stay tuned! 🙂

Finance and Strategy (ish)

Apple Music, the most trendy type of service provided by the biggest company on Planet Earth, is coming to the country with the largest population. Isn’t that intriguing?

I just got the news a few days ago on Chinese website, Sina. Apple Music is launching in China, at last, after all the epic fail(s) of pretty much every other streaming music service providers out there. Oh boy, Apple certainly dreams big. Not only that the enforcement of Chinese copyright law is a complete disaster, but also because there are already lots of options for streaming music out there in that land, legal or not. Spotify hasn’t been able to launch in China for years! Have you ever wondered why?

Now, what’s interesting about Apple’s case is that, while Spotify, as a company, struggle to break even, Apple has got tons of cash sitting there doing virtually nothing. Compared to Apple’s value sets that they always talk about (the innovation, radical thinking, and unconventional approach, blah blah blah. You get it), when it comes to finance, it seems that Apple is actually quite conservative. But really now I see why they need the cash for – to fund the project they know that they won’t make any profit.

Let’s take a look at the numbers.The subscription fee for Apple Music in the United States is $9.99 per month, in the United Kingdom is £9.99 ($15.16), in the Euro Zone countries is €9.99 ($11.20)… And guess what they set the price for China? CN¥9.99. What’s that in USD terms? $1.57. One dollar and fifty-seven cents, respectively, for monthly subscription. In my own experience living in China, 9.99 is not even enough for a decent lunch in the city. Now, I guess the first-world folks are all super mad at us.

Great news for the Chinese folks, bad news for Apple. At the end of the day, a dollar and fifty-seven cents per month is never really a business, especially when you are obligated to pay huge amount of royalties, and by that I mean, some serious cash, to songwriters and right holders every quarter. Even if you have a huge user base, like Spotify does, I’m really scratching my head to see how Apple can make Apple Music a profitable business. The only way I can think of is that, maybe those Cupertino folks never expect it to be profitable! One thing for sure, though, is that Apple is DESPERATE to get some good o’ market share for its music service. I mean, let’s be real, Beats Music was a joke after all, and sure everyone at that company was terribly embarrassed. But this time, the game has changed:

1) Apple Music pretty much carries the same kind of variety as iTunes Store, which is insanely attractive.

2) The price is so low to the point that almost everybody in China is able to afford it. There IS value attached to the exceptionally low price, aka major potential gain of market share, and sure this price is well matched to the average earning v.s. purchasing power of the currency in China (won’t even mention the crazy inflation out there).

3) And with the gigantic population count, if everything goes smoothly, Apple can soon become the largest streaming music service on Earth!

But how’s that gonna continue working if you don’t make a profit? Ah ha! That’s when the $203 billion cash on hand becomes handy. If anything happens, Apple can always pay. This is why all the other services failed. They are simply not able to feed themselves with such awfully thin profit margin, not to mention matching people’s different purchasing powers in other territories. I mean, Spotify struggles even when it charges $9.99, which is a price that people in other parts of the world may not even be willing to paid for. Apple, on the other hand, has the financial foundation to fund whatever business and do whatever they want, even if it is, virtually, throwing dollars into the Pacific Ocean.

 

Sina Tech on Apple Music’s China Launching http://tech.sina.com.cn/mobile/n/n/2015-09-30/doc-ifxifmki9632675.shtml

CNN on Apple Music’s China Launching http://money.cnn.com/2015/09/30/technology/apple-music-china

CNN on Apple’s cash on hand http://money.cnn.com/2015/07/22/investing/apple-stock-cash-earnings/